Dampak Nyeri Ortodonti terhadap Aspek Psikososial dan Dukungan Sosial pada Partisipan Pengguna Peranti Ortodonti Cekat di Makassar: Tinjauan Promosi Kesehatan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62358/9a45gg25Keywords:
nyeri ortodonti, aspek psikososial, dukungan sosialAbstract
Penelitian ini berangkat dari kenyataan bahwa nyeri hampir selalu menyertai perawatan ortodonti cekat dan tidak hanya berdampak pada aspek fisik, tetapi juga pada kesejahteraan psikososial dan dukungan sosial pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan dampak nyeri ortodonti terhadap aspek psikososial dan dukungan sosial pada pasien pengguna peranti ortodonti cekat di Makassar dalam perspektif promosi kesehatan. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif korelasional digunakan pada 43 pasien yang dipilih secara purposive di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Hasanuddin. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner Multidimensional Pain Inventory–Orthodontic (MPI‑Orthodontic) versi Bahasa Indonesia dan dianalisis secara deskriptif serta dengan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pasien mengalami dampak psikososial nyeri pada kategori sedang, tercermin dari gangguan aktivitas sehari‑hari, munculnya afek negatif, dan keterbatasan dalam interaksi sosial. Pada aspek dukungan sosial, mayoritas melaporkan frekuensi respons lingkungan yang jarang hingga sedang, dengan variasi respons suportif, mengabaikan, maupun negatif. Analisis regresi menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara intensitas nyeri dengan skor aspek psikososial dan perilaku terkait dukungan sosial, yang mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan nyeri sejalan dengan memburuknya kondisi psikososial dan dinamika dukungan sosial pasien. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi promosi kesehatan dalam praktik ortodonti, melalui edukasi pra‑perawatan, komunikasi dua arah, konseling psikologis singkat, pelatihan strategi koping, serta pemanfaatan dukungan sosial dan media digital untuk membantu adaptasi pasien, meningkatkan kepatuhan, dan memperbaiki kualitas hidup selama perawatan ortodonti.
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